原標(biāo)題：中國(guó)“竊取”知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)？事實(shí)究竟有多打臉|問(wèn)中國(guó)

兩周前,，新一輪中美經(jīng)貿(mào)高級(jí)別磋商在華盛頓結(jié)束,。對(duì)于剛剛結(jié)束的新一輪磋商，作為中美經(jīng)貿(mào)磋商的中方牽頭人,、國(guó)務(wù)院副總理劉鶴于19日在南昌舉辦的2019年世界VR產(chǎn)業(yè)大會(huì)開(kāi)幕式上表示,，雙方在諸多領(lǐng)域取得實(shí)質(zhì)性進(jìn)展，為簽署階段性協(xié)議奠定了重要基礎(chǔ),。

一年多了,，中美經(jīng)貿(mào)摩擦持續(xù)，磋商進(jìn)程坎坷,?；仡欀忻蕾Q(mào)易戰(zhàn)前后，知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)問(wèn)題一直是美國(guó)著墨最多的地方,，也是中美貿(mào)易談判的焦點(diǎn)之一,。

包括特朗普政府在2017年發(fā)起的所謂“301貿(mào)易調(diào)查”在內(nèi)，美國(guó)以“知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)”問(wèn)題發(fā)難,，指控中國(guó)利用歧視性的許可制度,、不公平的技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓協(xié)議,、有針對(duì)性的對(duì)外投資活動(dòng)等方式來(lái)獲取外國(guó)技術(shù)，宣布對(duì)中國(guó)商品加征關(guān)稅,，中美貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)由此打響,。

U.S。 President Donald Trump makes remarks urging the safeguard of intellectual property that is “vital to U.S,?！?nbsp;security and prosperity” and signs a memorandum on August 14， 2017,， green-lighting a review of the alleged “malpractices” by China in relation to intellectual property,。 /Reuters Photo

U.S。 Secretary of State Mike Pompeo tells Fox News on October 31,， 2018,， that a series of U.S。 actions had been taken “to convince China to behave like a normal nation”,。 /AP Photo

中國(guó)真的是靠“竊取”美國(guó)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)

得到發(fā)展的嗎,？

貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)能否解決中美知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)之爭(zhēng)？

中國(guó)在保護(hù)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)方面做得又如何呢,？

本期CGTN特別節(jié)目《問(wèn)中國(guó)》系列為您解答

中國(guó)創(chuàng)新亮出傲人成績(jī)單

5G technology,， DJI‘s camera drones， C919 and China’s fastest sky train… China keeps making creative and innovative,。 /CGTN Photo

2017年的艾美獎(jiǎng)獲獎(jiǎng)名單中,，除了你熟悉的美劇，還有一家來(lái)自中國(guó)的年輕企業(yè)——大疆,。作為無(wú)人機(jī)行業(yè)的領(lǐng)頭羊,，大疆被授予技術(shù)及工程艾美獎(jiǎng)（Technology & Engineering Emmy Award）中“用于電視的低延遲遙控機(jī)載視頻平臺(tái)”獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)（Low Latency Remote Controlled Airborne Video Platforms forTelevision），以表彰其為美劇中雄偉大氣的航拍效果所做出的貢獻(xiàn),。

今年5月30日,，英國(guó)主要電信運(yùn)營(yíng)商之一EE公司在英國(guó)六個(gè)城市開(kāi)通5G服務(wù)，這也是英國(guó)首個(gè)正式啟用的5G服務(wù)——而EE公司在其部分5G網(wǎng)絡(luò)的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施中,，采用的是華為的設(shè)備,。

30日清晨，搶先使用EE公司的5G網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行英國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)首次新聞直播的BBC記者羅里?賽倫-瓊斯（Rory Cellan-Jones）,，在鏡頭里顯得非常激動(dòng),，“這是一個(gè)歷史性的時(shí)刻，因?yàn)槲覀兪峭ㄟ^(guò)5G向你們傳播畫(huà)面,?！彪S后他開(kāi)始左右搖擺，“不知道我晃來(lái)晃去畫(huà)面會(huì)怎么樣。但我覺(jué)得應(yīng)該是非常清晰的,，而且沒(méi)什么延遲,。”

BBC technology correspondent Rory Cellan-Jones posts a video addressing the “superfast” Huawei equipment that supported the live broadcast yet to start,。 /Gif via BBC

不論是大疆的全球無(wú)人機(jī)市場(chǎng),，還是華為在歐洲的經(jīng)營(yíng)，中國(guó)創(chuàng)新的腳步從未停止,，一路見(jiàn)證其從物資匱乏到“世界工廠(chǎng)”,、由“中國(guó)制造”向“中國(guó)創(chuàng)造”的蛻變。

With multiple life-changing Chinese technologies introduced to the world,， “Created-in-China” has brought “made-in-China” to the next level,。

This year， China moved to the top 14 most-innovative economies from 17 in 2018 in the annual Global Innovation Index （GII）,， strengthening its position as a leading innovative nation,。

According to data released by the National Bureau of Statistics， China‘s investment in research and development （R&D） hit 1.97 trillion yuan （about 275 billion U.S,。 dollars） in 2018,， 138 times the amount in 1991， and second only to the United States,。

知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù),，中國(guó)在行動(dòng)

U.S。 President Donald Trump,， holds the signed memorandum directing the U.S,。 Trade Representative to start the review of trade issues with China at the White House in Washington,， U.S,。 August 14， 2017,。 / Reuters

一段時(shí)間以來(lái),，美國(guó)方面借知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)之名行貿(mào)易保護(hù)之實(shí)，對(duì)中國(guó)在技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)移,、知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)和科技創(chuàng)新等方面橫加指責(zé),。

然而，近年來(lái)中國(guó)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)力度前所未有,，司法保護(hù)和行政執(zhí)法同步加強(qiáng),，在完善立法、嚴(yán)格執(zhí)法,、加強(qiáng)保護(hù)等方面發(fā)生了根本性變革,，保護(hù)成效可謂有目共睹。

為進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)司法保護(hù)，我國(guó)于2014年在北京,、上海,、廣州設(shè)立知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)法院。今年1月1日,，最高人民法院知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)法庭也在北京揭牌成立,，負(fù)責(zé)履行法定職責(zé)，依法受理相關(guān)案件,。

President of the Supreme People‘s Court,， ZhouQiang unveils the new IPR court on New Year’s Day。 /CGTN Photo

“The civil cases are closely related to the interests of the parties,， maybe some citizens or companies,。 But for IP cases， those cases not only related to the interests of the parties,， but also related to the development of the whole country,，” Judge Zhang Xiaojin， a presiding judge of the Second Trial Division in the Beijing Intellectual Property Court of PRC,， told CGTN,。

During the past few years， the set-up of municipal Intellectual Property Courts nationwide also witnessed new trends in the number and types of IPR cases,。 Take the Beijing Intellectual Property Court for example,。 According to Zhang， in 2015,， the case number was more than 9,，000。 But last year,， the number went up to 18,，000， and 60,，000 out of more than 70,，000 cases have been concluded since its establishment。

“國(guó)際知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)巨偷”,？

這口黑鍋我們不背,！

Intellectual property。 /VCG Photo

據(jù)商務(wù)部統(tǒng)計(jì),，2018年,，中國(guó)對(duì)外支付的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)使用費(fèi)已達(dá)到356億美元。其中,，我國(guó)向美國(guó)支付的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)使用費(fèi)達(dá)到86.4億美元,，占購(gòu)買(mǎi)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)總額近1/4,。2017年，中國(guó)對(duì)外支付的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)使用費(fèi)達(dá)到286億美元,，逆差超過(guò)200億美元,，其中，支付美國(guó)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)使用費(fèi)同比增長(zhǎng)了14%,。

這會(huì)是一個(gè)“國(guó)際知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)巨偷”的表現(xiàn)嗎,？

The director general of the World Intellectual Property Organization （WIPO）， Francis Gurry,， also saw and appreciated the development of IPR protection in China over the years,， referring to China‘s IP efforts as “a truly remarkable story?！?nbsp;

“It‘s a policy of judicial and executive administration,， developing awareness among the whole population of the importance of knowledge-based enterprises，” he highlighted in an interview with CGTN in April 2019,。

WIPO head： China‘s IP efforts a ’remarkable story‘,。 /CGTN Photo

Meanwhile， U.S,?！?nbsp;allegations of IP theft are proving to be a kind of unfair trade practice in the name of intellectual property protection against developing countries， said Dr,。 Sun Yang,， associate professor from China University of Political Science and Law。 “They use the intellectual property protection as an excuse and tool,。 So it’s kind of manipulation,，” said Sun。

And the start of a trade war,， according to Sun,， would not be beneficial to resolve the tension or conflict on intellectual property between the U.S。 government and the foreign countries since the threshold to do free business will be undoubtedly raised,。 

What‘s more,， a more “disastrous outcome” awaits as high-end technology cooperation will have to transfer some of the investment and funds on research and development to recoup the cost of the trade war， said Sun,。

A photo of the Beijing Intellectual Property Court。 /VCG Photo

With legislative efforts,， new judicial protection measures,， and educational research programs， China is stepping up its effort in enforcing IP protection slowly but surely,， so the country will see growing innovation and economic growth,。 And this change has been appreciated by more and more countries。

不可否認(rèn)美國(guó)是富有創(chuàng)新精神的國(guó)家

但創(chuàng)新不是美國(guó)的專(zhuān)利

知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)問(wèn)題也不是美國(guó)對(duì)中國(guó)施壓的籌碼

合則兩利，斗則俱傷

愿相向而行

迎來(lái)共創(chuàng)機(jī)遇,、共享繁榮的朗朗晴空